By james p



July 2, c TREVOR AEROPLANE Filed Jan. 25, 1929 4 Sheets-Sheet l Inventor Charles Tne von Attornqy c. TREVOR 1.719.031

AEROPLANE I July 2, 1929.

- Filed Jan. 25, 1929 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Tr'e van 9 By Wm Attorngy C. TREVOR July 2, 1929,

AEROPLANE Filed Jan. 23, 1929 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 Inventor C. TREVOR AEROPLANE Filed Jan. 23, 1929 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Inventor Patented July 2, 1929.

res PATENT OFFICE.

CI-IARLES TREVOR, INCOMPETENT, OF JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY, BY JAMES E. RYAN,

GUARDIAN, OF JERSEY CITY, NEW J ERSEYQ AEROPLAN'E.

Application filed January 23, 1929. Serial No. 334,566.

The present invention relates generally to aeroplanes and more particularly tomeans for controlling the aeroplane in its maneuvers in the air.

The prime object of the invention resides in the provision of an aeroplane having a tail structure hingedly mounted thereon so that it may be swung at an angle to the fuselage for assisting the aeroplane in coming out of nose dives and further in assisting the aeroplane in climbing.

Another very important object of the invention resides in the provision of an aeroplane of this nature which includes afuselage having'a hingedly mounted tail thereon in combination with means, for swinging the tail in an angular position with respect'to the fuselage. i

A further very important object of the invention resides in the provision of an aeroplane of this nature including a fuselage with a hingedly mounted tail thereon, in combination with a pair of Wings or fins mounted one to each side and above the normal position of the'tail and supported by means of arms rigidly attached-to the fuselage.

A still further very important object of the invention resides in the provision of an aeroplane of this nature which is exceedingly simple in its construction, strong and durable,

easy to manipulate, and thoroughly efficient and reliable for the purposes intended.

, With the above and numerous other objects in View as willappear as thedescr iption proceeds, the invention resides in certain novel features of construction, and in the combination and arrangement of parts as will be here inafter more fully described and claimed.v In the drawing: Figure 1 isa side elevation of an aeroplane embodying the features of my invention, Figure 2' is a top plan view thereof, Figure 3 is a longitudinal vertical section therethrough, -Figure 4 is a sectional view through the shock absorber, v Figure 5 is a sectional view through one of the auxiliary wings, and

Figure 6 is a fragmentary longitudinal vertical section through the tail showing a gondola therein.

Referring'to the drawing in detail it will with a tail 6 hingedly mounted thereon as at 7 A bellows 8 is mounted with one end fixed to a cross bar 9'in the hinged end of the tail 5 and the other end fixed to a cross bar. 10 in the rear end of the fuselage 5, so that when the bellows 8;:is expanded the tail 6 will be swung to an angular position in relation to the fuselage as is indicated by dotted lines in Figure 3. V

A valve 11 is disposed in a pipe 12 leading to the front end of the bellows 8 through the crossbar l0 and a plurality of branches 14 lead from a valve 11 forwardly to funnels 15' in, the nose portionof the fuselage for the purpose of collecting air as the aeroplane is moving forwardly or as in a nosedive to expand the bellows 8 and swing the tail 6 to its angular position in relation to the fuselage 5.

. A bumper 16 of suitable construction is mounted on the top of the fuselage 5 adjacent the'hinge joint 7 so that the tail may abut therewith when in its angular position. A pivoted catch 18 in the rear of the fuselage 5 engages a projection 19 at the bottom of the forward end of the tail 6-to hold said tail in rigid alinement with the fuselage 5 under or dinary flying conditions.

This catch 18 is releasable by a cable 20 trained over pulleys 21 in the fuselage and controllable by a knob 22 or in any other preferred manner from the instrument board 23 of the front of the cockpit O in the fuselage 5. A bolt 24 is slidablein a bracket 25 and has teeth 26 normally interposed between teeth 27 on the forward edge of the tail 6 when said tail 6 is in alinement with the fuselage.

- A p-ivotally mounted lever 2'8 in the fuselage is connected with the bolt 24 and holds the bolt in its normal position just referred to'by means of aspring 29.- A cable 30 is connected with the lever and with the cable 20 so that 6 by the expansion of the Y lows so that the bellows will contact because of the weight of the wing 6 thereby allowing the wing 6 to return to a position in alinement with the fuselage.

In order to prevent the tail 6 from swinging too suddenly to its angular position I provide checks one on each side of the rear end of the fuselage. Each checkineludes a tube 40 permanently closed as at 41 at its bottom end and having a removable closure .42 at its top end. This tube is mounted'longitudinally on a plate 43 which is fixed inany suitable manner as at 44 in a substantially vertical positionon the fuselage :5. V

The tube is longitudinally slotted as is indica-ted at 44. A block 45 is slidable in the tube and has an eyelet 46 projecting through the slot 44. A cable 47 is attached to the eyelet-46 and is trained'over a pulley 48 jour-- naled in a bracket 49 at the bottom end of the tube. V

These cables47 are anchored as at 50 on the forward end of the tail remotely from the hinged fioint '7 and in order to swing the tail to its angular position i-t'i-s necessary to compress springs 51 in the tubes 40, these springs being interposed between the blocks 45 and the bottoms 41.

' Inorder-to properl stabilize the aeroplane provided with my tailstructure it is preferable to provide a pair of auxiliary wings 53 which are constructed with centrally located transverse bars 54 from which depend the vertical portions of L-shaped brackets 55 the front ends of the horizontal portions of '1 which are rigidly attached to the rear bottom center of gravity of the gondola so that this gondola will maintain an upright position at all times in the tail regardless as to the position of the tail.

In the present embodiment of the invention I have'shown a lei-plane structure including an upper wing 63 and lower wing section 54. Itis to be noted inxFigure 1 that the auxiliary wings 53 arepreterably locatedin substantially the same plane with the wing 63. 1

At the rear of the tail 6 there are provided elevators 65 and rudders 66 in the usual con ventional manner.

' With the parts positioned in normal flying relationship to each other as is disclosed in Figures 1 and 3 it will be seen that the aviator may pull upon the knob 22 if the aeroplane should get into a nose dive thereby releasing the latch bolt 24 and the catch 18 so that the rush of air intothe funnels 15 operation and advantages of this invention will now be quite apparent to those skilled in this art withouta more detailed description thereof.

The present embodiment of the invention has been disclosed in'detail merely for the purposes of exc-mplification since in actual practice it attains the features of advantage enumerated as desirable in the statement of the invention and the above description. It

will be apparent that changes in the details of construction, and in the combination and arrangement of parts may I be resorted to without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention, as hereinafter claimed or sacrilicing any of its advantages.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new is: v

1. An aeroplane of the class described including .a fuselage, a tail, means hingedly mounting the forward upper portion of the tail to the rear upper portion of the fuselage, and stabiliziugmeanscarried by the fuselage and disposed alongside the plane of move ment of the tail.

2. An aeroplane of the class described lIl-- eluding a fuselage, a tail, means hingedly. mounting the forward upper portion of the tail to the rear upper portion ofthe fuselage, a bellows, means attaching one end of the :bel-v tail to ther car upper portion .of the fuselage,

a bellows, means attaching one end of the bellows to the forward end of the tail, mean-s attaching the other end of the bellows .to the rear end-of the fuselage, and means for 'expandin g the bellows to cause the tail to swing to an angular position in respect to the fuse- ].age, releasable means for locking the tail: to the fuselage in alinement therewith.

4. An aeroplane 0f the class .described in- Y eluding a fuselage, a V tail, means hingedly mounting the forward upper portion of the tail to the rear upper portion of the fuselage, a bellows, means attaching one end of'the bellows to the forward end of the tail, means attaching the other end of the bellows to the rear end of the fuselage, and means forexpanding the bellows to cause the tailto swing to an angular position in respect to the fuselage, said means comprising a pipe leading to the front end of the bellows to the front end of the fuselage.

5. An aeroplane of the class described including a fuselage, a tail, means hingedly mounting the forward upper portion of the tail to the rear upper portion of the fuselage,

6. An aeroplane of the class described in cluding a fuselage, a tail, means hingedly mounting the forward upper portion of the tail to the rear upper portion of the fuselage, a bellows, means attaching one end of the bellows to the forward end of the tail, means attaching the'other end of the bellows to the rear end of the fuselage, and means for expandin g the bellows to cause the tail to swing to an angular position in respect to the fuselage, said means comprising a pipe leading to the front end of the bellows to the front end of the fuselage, a bumper on the upper portion of the rear end of the fuselage.

7. An aeroplane of the class describedincluding a fuselage, a tail, means hingedly mounting the forward upper portion of the tail to the rear upper portion of the fuselage, a bellows, means attaching one end of the bellows to the forward end of the tail, means attaching the other end of the bellows to the rear end of the fuselage, and means for expanding the bellows to cause the tail to swing to an angular position in respect to the fuselage, said means comprising a pipe leading to the front end of the bellows to the front end of the fuselage, one end of the pipe terminating in a funnel, a bumper on the upper portion of the rear end of the fuselage, a pair of L-shaped arms rigidly attached to the fuselage and extending one to each side of the tail and vertical arms rising alongside thereof, and wings on the upper ends of the brackets.

8. An aeroplane of the class described including a fuselage, a tail, means hingedly mounting the forward upper portion of the tail to the rear upper portion of the fuselage, a bellows, means attaching one end of the bellows to the forward end of the tail, means attaching the other end of the bellows to the rear end of the fuselage, and means for expanding the bellows to cause the tail to swing to an angular position in respect to the fuselage, sleeves mounted on the outside of the rear ends of the fuselage, blocks in the sleeve, springs urging the blocks upwardly in the sleeves, cables attached to the blocks, pulleys over which the cables are trained, sald cables being anchored to the lower front portions of the tail.

9. An aeroplane of the class described including a fuselage, a tail, means hingedly mounting the forward upper portion of the tail to the rear upper portion of the fuselage, a bellows, means attaching one end of the bellows to the forward end of the tail, means attaching the other end of the bellows to the rear end of the fuselage, and means for expanding the bellows to cause the tail to swing to an angular position in respect to the fuselage, a wing on the fuselage, and a pair of auxiliary wings one to each side of the tail structure in substantially the same plane with the first mentioned wing.

10. An aeroplane of the class described including a fuselage, a tail, means hingedly mounting the forward portion of the tail to the rear portion of the fuselage, brackets rigidly attached to and extending in spaced relation rearwardly from the rear portion of the fuselage, wings on said brackets and disposed at opposite sides of the plane of movement of the tail and also disposed above the horizontal plane of the tail when the latter is in its normal position.

In testimony whereof, I aflix my signature.

JAMES F. RYAN, Guardian of Ohm-Zea Trevor, Incompetent. 

